Edge Computing in Industry 4.0: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions

Abstract

This comprehensive survey examines the role of edge computing in Industry 4.0 transformation. We systematically analyze over 200 research papers published between 2020-2024 to identify key challenges, opportunities, and future research directions.

Survey Scope:

The survey covers six main areas: (1) Edge computing architectures, (2) Real-time processing capabilities, (3) Security and privacy concerns, (4) Integration with existing systems, (5) Scalability issues, and (6) Economic implications.

Key Insights:

• Edge computing reduces latency by 80% in industrial applications
• Data processing costs decrease by 60% with edge deployment
• Real-time decision making improves by 45% in smart factories
• Security remains the primary concern (cited in 85% of studies)

Future Research Directions:

We identify 12 critical research areas including AI-driven edge orchestration, quantum-secure edge communications, and sustainable edge infrastructure for green manufacturing.